Abstract：More than 200 private charitable organizations of various kindswere established in recent modern Shanghai, becoming an important force in promoting and maintaining the urban society of modern Shanghai. By correlating the timing of the establishment of charitable organizations with the population, socioeconomic development, and government management measures during the urbanization process, it can be seen that the establishment of charitable organizations was not fully synchronized with social needs, and that the influx of refugees into Shanghai was not a high time for the establishment of charitable organizations. The establishment of charitable organizations was positively correlated with economic development, as the Shanghai economy generally continued to grow from the 1880s to the 1930s, and charitable organizations increased accordingly. The relatively lenient government administration during the Beiyang period facilitated the establishment of charitable organizations, and the rapid economic development of Shanghai continued after 1930, but the attempts of the Nanjing Nationalist Government to strictly control civil society led to a significant reduction in the establishment of charitable organizations. Only when the economy developed rapidly and government management was standardized but relatively lax did the private sector become more enthusiastic about setting up charitable organizations and carrying out charitable activities.
阮清华. 众擎易举：近代上海民间慈善组织兴建的多维考察[J]. 浙江工商大学学报, 2023, 37(2): 134-144.
RUAN Qinghua. A Multi-dimensional Examination of the Establishment of Private Philanthropic Organizations in Modern Shanghai. Journal of Zhejing Gongshang University, 2023, 37(2): 134-144.
2023, Vol. 37 
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