Employee proactive behavior has become the key to organizational success, but empirical research to explore the formation mechanism of employee proactive behavior from the perspective of the meaningfulness of work is inadequate. Based on the theory of self-verification, a moderated mediation model was constructed, and the mechanism and boundary conditions of the meaningfulness of work on the proactive behavior of employees were discussed. In this study, 354 valid questionnaires were collected at two time points, the results show that: the meaningfulness of work has a positive effect on the proactive behavior of employees; striving for self-verification plays a part of the mediating role between the meaningfulness of work and employees' proactive behavior; future work self-salience has a moderating effect between the meaningfulness of work and striving for self-verification. The higher the future work selfsalience, the greater the role of the meaningfulness of work for striving for self-verification. This research tries to remind managers to value and cultivate employees' sense of the meaningfulness of work, which can effectively stimulate employees' proactive behavior.