Online brand community is an important external collaborative subject of enterprise innovation. However, the influence path of community on enterprise innovation has not been studied deeply. From the perspective of ambidextrous innovation, this paper applies QCA approach to discover the configuration effects of resource trait, organizational structure and leadership role of online brand community on ambidextrous innovation of enterprises, based on the 294 copies of valid questionnaires. Results show that: (1) The self-organization structure of online brand community is a necessary condition shared by both exploratory innovation and exploitation innovation; (2) Exploratory innovation has two influence paths: Leadership-Resource path and Organization-Leadership path; (3) Exploitation innovation can also take effect through two different paths: Resource-Organization path and Resource-Leadership path. The conclusion of this study is helpful to expand the external innovation sources of enterprises, and find different influence paths for the two types of innovation paradigms from the perspective of online brand community, which provides strategic support for community operations.