The reform of publishing format in the late Qing Dynasty and Early Republican China led to some revolutionary changes in the transformation of Chinese ideologies and cultures. During this period, Marxism was translated and introduced into China. Japan and France were two important channels of the introduction of Marxism in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republican China. The early dissemination of Marxism in China has experienced a transformation from fragmentary translation to selective transmission, and the translation of some Marxist terms was cross-context transformation of the source terms. The early translators and introducers of Marxism differed in their choice of the content based on their political stance and goals.In general, the doctrine of class struggle and the doctrine of political economy were translated earlier, so there was a phenomenon of “laddering” in the early dissemination of Marxism in China. The early dissemination of Marxism promoted the awakening of subject consciousness and the integration of forces of social change in intellectuals, providing the ideological impetus for the change of the historical destiny of the Chinese nation.