Due to the absence of “National Responsibility”, the macro planning, overall layout and collaborative progress of Chinas juvenile justice system have been limited, resulting in incomplete legal system, large regional differences, cooperation barriers between departments and other problems. National responsibility advocates decisive determination and value of policy guidance. It differs from government responsibility and judicial organs responsibility in the aspects of subject, content and way of realization. From the perspective of national responsibility, we should speed up the progress of establishment of the Law on Child Welfare, perfect the system of child welfare, straighten out the internal rules of the criminal Procedure Law, refine the system of detention education, and coordinate the connection between the criminal law and the criminal Procedure Law and other departments. The funds needed for juvenile justice can be uniformly allocated by the state financial department. The state should coordinately develop the juvenile justice mode and vigorously develop juvenile justice social work organizations and social workers in the mid-western regions. It is necessary to clarify the responsibility distribution between judicial organs and relevant departments, strengthen the role of families and schools, and vigorously promote the coordinated development of public security organs, judicial organs, government departments and juvenile justice social worker organizations.