Chineselabor unions play a “dual role” of protecting members’ right and maintaining social stability. To give full play to unions’ functions in preventing intensification of labor disputes and representing workers in collective labor disputes, the research should focus on whether workers have commitments to labor unions and the relationship among labor unions commitment, organization commitment and employee performance. This paper establishes theoretic framework by combining role theory, recognition theory and social exchange theory to investigate relationship among labor unions commitment, organization commitment and employee performance in different ownership companies. With data from a nested sample of 709 employees from 32 corporations, the study establishes a multilevel moderated mediation model to test the hypothesis. The results show that the labor unions commitment has a forward influence on organization commitments; organization commitment acts as the mediator between labor unions commitment and employee performance and the mediation function in state-owned enterprises is stronger than that in private-owned enterprises. At last the paper discusses the section of empirical analysis and indicates the research direction in the future.