The coordination of individual scholar role and entrepreneur role is the necessary condition for successful academic entrepreneurship. This research maps the characteristics of complex adaptive systems to the dual roles of academic entrepreneurs. With the aid of “stimulus-response” analysis framework and longitudinal case study, we explore how individuals resolve role conflicts through the interaction between cognition and action and thus achieve dual role coordinaton in a special and complex academic entrepreneurial environment. The main findings are that the evolutionary process contains passive patchwork, core focus, and symbiotic synergy which have been completed in the process of solving the dual roles of time conflict, competence conflict and cultural expression conflict, and they correspond to simple adaptation, direct adaptation and complex adaptation of the complex adaptation system. The micro-level dual role coordination model is helpful to enrich academic entrepreneurship theory and provide some inspiration for the growth and adjustment of academic entrepreneurs at different stages.