The proportion of rural residents with a college degree has a significant rise since the expansion of university enrollment. Latest China Household Income Survey (CHIP) data shows that the rapid rise of education has an important impact on rural labor mobility. The way of rural residents obtaining urban household registration has changed significantly, the proportion of urban household registration obtained through further education has decreased significantly, more and more rural workers with higher education chose to retain their original household registration. Compared to low education level labor, rural residents with higher education qualifications have a higher probability of migration and a longer migration time. Among unmarried groups, those with a college degree or above have a wider range of migration. Among married groups, the probability of rural residents with higher education qualifications moving to other provinces is lower than that of individuals with lower education qualifications. In order to promote rural labor mobility, urban areas should further reform household registration and provide more high-quality public services for migrant families.