Abstract:In Marx and Engels' view, modern China's problems are the results of capital's global space expansion, which verify their historical materialism and world history theory. The process of capital logic global expansion starting out the world history is also the process of its impacting the privilege and hierarchy logic of backward countries and ethnic groups and promoting human society modernization. Trade and war are two major means of capital's global space expansion. The relationship between these two means can be contradictory: war can pave the way for trade, but it can also lead to the stagnation of trade. No matter which method is chosen, reaping profits is the only purpose. Initially, Marx and Engels described Taiping Rebellion as a revolution in China, but later just regarded it as an uprising since only a movement that conforms to the historical process of human society and promotes all-round fundamental changes in society can be defined as a revolution. Otherwise, it is just a peasant uprising that changes dynasties. Marx and Engels made a scientific prediction of China's prospects based on comprehensively understanding the overall development trend of human social history and fully considering China's unique situation and the Chinese people's war. They believed that China will surely move towards a more progressive social form in the future, which will profoundly affect the progress of the world civilization.