The corporate criminal compliance system originated in the United States and has gradually become a global trend. China pays growing attention to corporate compliance issues, but the criminal compliance of private-owned corporations is still a system gap. Compared with other types of corporations, the private-owned corporations are vulnerable in nature and their overall standardization is poor. Criminal laws are insufficient in controlling relevant crimes and ensuring the survival of corporations. The criminal compliance system can internalize part of the national criminal supervision responsibility into the management responsibility within the corporations. It has the significance of educating problematic corporations, saving judicial resources, and reducing the negative effects of the judicial activities. Considering the actual situations of Chinese private-owned corporations, in order to promote private-owned corporations to actively establish effective criminal compliance programs, it is necessary to clarify the elements of effective criminal compliance programs and build incentive mechanisms in criminal laws for corporate compliance.