The construction of state power is a process of increasing level of bureaucratization and rationallzation of state power, and continuously strengthening the penetration and control of society on the basis of breaking the national holism and moving towards a mult-level and concrete state. From the historical review of the neighborhood committee’s “knowledge pedigree” in the process of emergence, development, twists and alienation, and reform and improvement since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the study found that the process of the neighborhood committee’s administration and the construction of modern state power is consistent and homogeneous. At the different stages of the development of the residents’ committee, the state has adopted the logic of political power building, the logic of the revolution, and the logic of reforms to achieve constant penetration and control of neighborhood committees, to present the political mobilization at the grassroots level and the integration strategy between the state and society in the strong country and the weak society, the country’s revolutionary tradition in the dominant society and the disorderly operation of grassroots governance, as well as the transformation and changes of state and social governance space in the process of state penetration and social growth. These processes are essentially the performance and mapping of the logic of state power construction in the grassroots community.