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| Reflection on the Independent Construction of “Consumer Public Interest” in China |
| DUAN Housheng |
| School of Law, Fudan University, Shanghai |
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Abstract: The consumer public interest litigation in China is conditional on the infringement of the private interests of many consumers. From the normative expression and logic of Article 58 of the Civil Procedure Law and Article 47 of the Consumer Rights Protection Law, we see that consumer public interest is actually parasitic among consumer private interests. The Supreme People's Court distinguishes between consumer public interest and consumer private interest in relevant interpretations, which leads to a dilemma of abstraction and emptiness of the concept of consumer public interest, so that the claims for specific cause of action of consumer public interest litigation in individual cases can only be concretized by virtue of the norms of consumer private interest relief, which result in the overlap of consumer public interest litigation and consumer private interest litigation in claims. The rational approach to solving the problem is to restore consumer public interest to the collective private interests of many consumers, to refer to the opt-out mechanism of group litigation, and to construct the existing consumer public interest litigation procedures according to the principle of legal litigation responsibility. At the same time, the law should cover the scope of consumer public interest litigation to include consumer representative litigation within the scope of consumer public interest litigation. Furthermore, we should explore public interest recognition litigation and public interest demonstration litigation in the consumption field.
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Received: 20 February 2023
Published: 15 May 2023
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2023, Vol. 43 
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