Economic growth and environmental governance are two important factors in public welfare. However, different governors have different strategy selection in handling local affairs. In this paper, a competition game scene was established based on the Game Theory. Through the scene, we inferred that governors’ strategy selection depended on relative advantage or disadvantage. Then the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) was used to measure the economic welfare and environmental welfare under the different strategy selections. The empirical result showed that governors, whose ages were below average, had better performance in economic achievements, while governors, whose ages were above average, had better performance in environmental achievements. Economic indicators (FDI, taxation, fixed asset investment) of the city governed by junior were 25.9 thousand yuan, 1.3 thousand yuan and 4.1 thousand yuan higher than average. To make up for this, younger officials will adopt a “seesaw strategy with moderate ambition” on some explicit environmental target, such as increasing the proportion of government spending, devoted to environmental protection, in response to central and public concerns. Environmental indicators (solid waste, waste gas, waste water) of the senior were 52t, 21t and 6t higher than average. Finally, we put forward some suggestions that cadre promotion assessment system be supposed to highlight green development and overall consciousness of young governor so as to motivate officials to attach importance to noneconomic welfare within the jurisdiction.