This paper calculates the ecological efficiency of provincial administrative districts in China by using the directional meta-distance function and Bootstrap-DEA correction method. We use spatial autocorrelation test to analyze and judge the spatial characteristics of ecological efficiency in provincial administrative areas in China and finally, we use dynamic spatial econometric method to test its convergence characteristics. The results show that: in recent years, the level of ecological Chinese efficiency is still low, the ecological efficiency of many provinces below 0.50, and the ecological efficiency of some provinces even below 0.20. The overall ecological efficiency level of China’s provinces is not only low, but also contains serious regional differences. According to the estimation results of the national data, the ecological efficiency of China shows β conditional convergence.